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º»¹® ¸¶°¡º¹À½ 8:14-21 Text Mark 8:14-21 Á¦¸ñ Á¶½ÉÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ±³ÈƵé Title Lessons to be cautioned --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14Á¦ÀÚµéÀÌ »§À» °¡Á® ¿À´Â °ÍÀ» Àؾú´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ±×µéÀÌ Åº ¹è¾È¿¡´Â »§ÀÌ ÇÑ °³¹Û¿¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. 15¿¹¼ö²²¼ Á¦Àڵ鿡°Ô °æ°íÇÏ¿© ¸»¾¸ÇϽñ⸦ "³ÊÈñ´Â ÁÖÀÇÇÏ¿©¶ó. ¹Ù¸®»õÆÄ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ´©·è°ú Çì·ÔÀÇ ´©·èÀ» Á¶½ÉÇÏ¿©¶ó." 16Á¦ÀÚµéÀº ¼·Î ¼ö±º°Å¸®±â¸¦ "¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô »§ÀÌ ¾ø¾î¼ ±×·¯½Ã´Â°¡ º¸´Ù" ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 17¿¹¼ö²²¼ À̰ÍÀ» ¾Æ½Ã°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̴Ù. "¾îÂîÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ´Â »§ÀÌ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ» µÎ°í ¼ö±º°Å¸®´À³Ä? ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ±ú´ÝÁö ¸øÇÏ´À³Ä? ³ÊÈñÀÇ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ±×·¸°Ôµµ ¹«µð¾î ÀÖ´À³Ä? 18³ÊÈñ´Â, ´«ÀÌ À־ º¸Áö ¸øÇϰí, ±Í°¡ À־ µèÁö ¸øÇÏ´À³Ä? ±â¾ïÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´À³Ä? 19³»°¡ »§ ´Ù¼¸ °³¸¦ ¿Àõ ¸í¿¡°Ô ¶¼¾î ÁÖ¾úÀ» ¶§¿¡, ³ÊÈñ´Â ³²Àº »§ ºÎ½º·¯±â¸¦ ¸î ±¤ÁÖ¸®³ª °¡µæ °ÅµÎ¾ú´À³Ä?" ±×µéÀº ±×¿¡°Ô "¿µÎ ±¤ÁÖ¸®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù" ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 20"»§ Àϰö °³¸¦ »çõ ¸í¿¡°Ô ¶¼¾î ÁÖ¾úÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â, ³²Àº ºÎ½º·¯±â¸¦ ¸î ±¤ÁÖ¸®³ª °¡µæ °ÅµÎ¾ú´À³Ä?" ±×µéÀÌ "Àϰö ±¤ÁÖ¸®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù" ÇÏ´Ï, 21¿¹¼ö²²¼ ±×µé¿¡°Ô "³ÊÈñ°¡ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ±ú´ÝÁö ¸øÇÏ´À³Ä?" ÇÏ°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̴Ù. 14Now the disciples had forgotten to bring any bread; and they had only one loaf with them in the boat. 15And he cautioned them, saying, "Watch out--beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and the yeast of Herod." 16They said to one another, "It is because we have no bread." 17And becoming aware of it Jesus said to them, "Why are you talking about having no bread? Do you still not perceive or understand? Are your hearts hardened? 18Do you have eyes, and fail to see? Do you have ears, and fail to hear? And do you not remember? 19When I broke the five loaves for the five thousand, how many baskets full of broken pieces did you collect?" They said to him, "Twelve." 20"And the seven for the four thousand, how many baskets full of broken pieces did you collect?" And they said to him, "Seven." 21Then he said to them, "Do you not yet understand?" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. ´©·èÀ» Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó Beware their leaven. ------------------------------------------- ¿¹¼ö´Ô°ú Á¦ÀÚµéÀº ¹è¸¦ Ÿ°í ¹Ù´Ù °Ç³ÊÆíÀ¸·Î °¡°í ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (¸· 8:13). Jesus and his disciples were going across to the other side by boat (Mk 8:13). Á¦ÀÚµéÀº »§ °¡Á®¿À´Â °ÍÀ» Àؾú´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù; ±×¸®°í ¹è¿£ »§ÀÌ Çϳª¹Û¿¡ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (¸· 8:14). The disciples came to recognize that they "had forgotten to bring any bread; and they had only one loaf with them in the boat" (Mk 8:14). ±×·¡¼ Á¦ÀÚµéÀº ÇÊ¿ä ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¿°·ÁÇÏ°í ´çȲÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. For some reason they were quite disproportionately worried and disturbed by this omission. »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¹°ÁúÀû Çʿ信 Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¸¶À½À» »©¾Ñ±æ ¶§, ±×ÀÇ ¿µÈ¥Àº ¿µÀû ºó°ï¿¡ ºüÁý´Ï´Ù. Once one is much preoccupied with material needs, one's soul is trapped in spiritual poverty. ±×·¡¼ ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù:"³ÊÈñ´Â ÁÖÀÇÇÏ¿©¶ó. ¹Ù¸®»õÆÄ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ´©·è°ú Çì·ÔÀÇ ´©·èÀ» Á¶½ÉÇÏ¿©¶ó" (¸· 8:15). Jesus said: "Watch out--beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and the yeast of Herod" (Mk 8:15). ¿©±â¼ ´©·èÀº ¹®ÀÚÀûÀÎ Àǹ̺¸´Ù´Â ºñÀ¯ÀûÀÎ Àǹ̷Π»ç¿ëµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Here "yeast" is employed in a metaphorical, rather than literal, sense. ´©·èÀº Àü¿¡ »§À» ±¸¿ï ¶§ Á¶±Ý ³²°Ü µÐ ¹ÝÁ×À» ¹ßÈ¿½ÃŲ °ÍÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Leaven is a piece of dough kept over from a previous baking and fermented. ´©·èÀº ¹ÝÁ׿¡ µé¾î°¡¼ ½º¸çµå´Â ÈûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Leaven has the power to permeate any mass of dough into which it is inserted. ±×·¡¼ ´©·èÀº, ºñÀ¯ÀûÀ¸·Î, »ýȰ ¼Ó¿¡ ÆÄ°í µé¾î°¡¼ »îÀ» ºÎÆÐ½ÃŰ´Â ¾ÇÇÑ ÈûÀ¸·Î ÀÌÇØµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Hence, leaven was figuratively understood the evil power to spread through life and to corrupt it. ÀÌ·± À¯´ëÀû ´º¾Ó½º¸¦ °í·ÁÇÏ¿©, ¿µ¾î¼º°æ RSV [=Revised Standard Version]´Â Èñ¶ø¾î 'Áã¸Þ (gyme, )'¸¦ '´©·è'À¸·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, '¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâ·Â (evil influence)'À¸·Î ¿Å±â°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Taking into consideration this Jewish nuance, RSV [=Revised Standard Version] translates the Greek, gyme ( ) as "evil influence." ±×·¯¹Ç·Î "¹Ù¸®»õÆÄ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ´©·è°ú Çì·ÔÀÇ ´©·èÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó" (¸· 8:15)´Â ¸»¾¸Àº "¹Ù¸®»õÀεé°ú Çì·ÔÀÇ ¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâ·Â¿¡ ¹°µéÁö ¸»¶ó"´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Therefore, his saying, "Beware of the yeast of the Pharisees and the yeast of Herod" (Mk 8:15) means, "Be not tainted by the evil influences of the Pharisees and Herod." ±×·¯¸é ¹Ù¸®»õÀεéÀÇ ¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâ·Â°ú Çì·ÔÀÇ ¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀº ¹«¾ùÀϱî¿ä? Then, what are the evil influence of the Pharisees and that of Herod? 2. ¹Ù¸®»õÀεéÀÌ ´©·è (=¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâ·Â). The Yeast (=Evil Influence) of the Pharisees. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ¹Ù¸®»õÀε鿡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ ½Å¾ÓÀº ¿Ü¸éÀÇ ¹®Á¦¿´½À´Ï´Ù. For the Pharisees faith is an exterior matter. °¡·É, ³²À» »ìÀÎÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷Àº Á¾±³ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÇ·Î¿î »ç¶÷À¸·Î °£ÁֵǾú½À´Ï´Ù. For example, the one who has never committed murder was regarded as religiously righteous. ±×·¯³ª ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº ´©±º°¡¸¦ Á×ÀÌ°í ½Íµµ·Ï ¹Ì¿öÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¸¶´Ù ÀÌ¹Ì »ìÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. But Jesus said, "Whoever hates anybody and wishes to kill him/her has already committed homicide. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ½Å¾ÓÀº ¿Ü¸éÀû ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àΰ£ ³»¸éÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÎ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Therefore, faith is not a matter of outer behaviors but that of human interiority. ½Å¾ÓÀ» ¿Ü¸éÀÇ ¹®Á¦·Î °£ÁÖÇÒ ¶§¿¡, ¹ÏÀ½ÀÇ ÇàÀ§´Â ÀÚ±â Àڽſ¡°Ô·Î ÁýÁߵ˴ϴÙ. When faith is considered an exterior matter, faith activity is centered on oneself. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °æ°ÇÀ» »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³»·Á ÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. One tries to show his/her good deeds before people. ±×·¡¼ ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº, "³²¿¡°Ô º¸ÀÌ·Á°í [³ÊÈñÀÇ °æ°Ç]À» »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ [Çà]ÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó"°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù (¸¶Å 6:1a). So Jesus said, "Beware of practicing your piety before others in order to be seen by them" (Mtt 6:1a). ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Á¾±³Àû Çà½ÇÀÌ ¿µÈ·Ó°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ºÐÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÌÁö ¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. It is because it is God, not ourselves, whom our religious practices glorify. »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ¿½É¸¸ÅÀ̳ª Àڱ⠿µ±¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À¯È¤À» ¹Þ½À´Ï´Ù. One has as much temptation to self-glorification as his/her religious enthusiasm. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé Àΰ£Àº Àú¸¶´Ù Àڱ⠿µ±¤À» À§ÇØ ¼·Î ´ÙÅõ±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. It is because each individual competes with one another for self-glory. ±×·¯³ª ½Å¾ÓÀº, º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î, ³²°ú ¿µ±¤À» ´ÙÅõ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ½º½º·Î¸¦ ¿µÈ·Ó°Ô ÇÏ·Á´Â ÀÚ±â ÀڽŰú ½Î¿ì´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. However, faith is, in essence , not to compete with others for glory but to fight with the ego who tries to glorify myself. Çϳª´Ô²² ÂüÀ¸·Î º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ±âÀÇ ¿µ±¤À» ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. One who is truly obedient to God can never seek one's own glory over against others. ±×·¡¼ ½Å¾ÓÀº Çϳª´Ô²² º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç Àڽſ¡ ´ëÇØ Á×´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. So faith is to obey God and to die to self. ±×·¡¼ »çµµ ¹Ù¿ïÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô °í¹éÇÕ´Ï´Ù: "³ª´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ¿Í ÇÔ²² ½ÊÀÚ°¡¿¡ ¸ø¹ÚÇû½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ »ç´Â °ÍÀº ³»°¡ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®½ºµµ²²¼ »ç½Ã´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³»°¡ Áö±Ý À°½Å ¾È¿¡¼ »ç´Â °ÍÀº ³ª¸¦ »ç¶ûÇϼż, ³ª¸¦ ´ë½ÅÇÏ¿© Àڱ⠸öÀ» ³»ÁֽŠÇϳª´ÔÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ» ¹Ï´Â ¹ÏÀ½ ¾È¿¡¼ »ç´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù" (°¥¶óµð¾Æ¼ 2:20). Hence, Paul the apostle confesses: "and it is no longer I who live, but it is Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me" [Galatians 2:20). ¹ÏÀ½Àº ³»°¡ Á×°í ³» ¾È¿¡ ±×¸®½ºµµ°¡ »ç½Ã´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Faith is to die to self and to make Christ live in me. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ½Å¾ÓÀº ¿½ÉÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀÚ¼¼ÀÇ ¹®Á¦À̸ç, ¿Ü¸éÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³»¸éÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÎ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Faith is, therefore, not a matter of religious enthusiasm but of attitude, not an exterior matter but an interior. ¹Ù¸®»õÀεéÀº ±× ´©±¸º¸´Ùµµ Á¾±³Àû ¿½ÉÈ÷ ´ë´ÜÇß´ø »ç¶÷µéÀÔ´Ï´Ù. The Pharisees were more religiously enthusiastic than any other. ±×·¯³ª ±×µéÀº ±× ¿½ÉÀ¸·Î ÁËÀÎÀ» Á¤ÁËÇÏ¿´°í, Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ» Á׿´À¸¸ç, Àڱ⠿µ±¤À» Ãß±¸ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. With such enthusiasm, however, they condemned sinners, slaughtered the Son of God, and pursued self-glorification. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³»¸éÀ» »ìÇÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¾ÇÇϸç, °øµ¿Ã¼¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ³²±é´Ï´Ù. Faith without reflection of one's inner self is evil and remains evil influence upon community. ±×·¡¼ ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº "¹Ù¸®»õÀεéÀÇ ´©·èÀ» Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó"°í °æ°íÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. For this reason Jesus warned, "Watch out the yeast of the Pharisees." 3. Çì·ÔÀÇ ´©·è (=¾ÇÇÑ ¿µÇâ·Â). The Yeast (=Evil Influence) of Herod. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ¿À´Ã ÀÐÀº º»¹®°ú ÆòÇ౸ÀýÀÎ ¸¶Åº¹À½Àº "Çì·Ô"À̶ó´Â ¸» ´ë½Å "»çµÎ°³ÀÎ"À̶ó´Â ¸»À» »ç¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (¸¶Å 16:6, 11-12). The parallel passage of Matthew employs "Sadducees" instead of "Herod" (Mtt 16:6, 11-12). »çµÎ°³ÀεéÀº ±ÍÁ· Ãâ½ÅÀÌ¸ç ºÎ¿Í ±Ç·ÂÀ» ¼Õ¿¡ ³ÖÀº »ç¶÷µéÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. The Sadducees were noblemen, the men of wealth and power. ±×µéÀº Çì·Ô¿Õ°ú Ä£¹ÐÇÑ °ü°è¸¦ ¸Î°í ÀÖ¾ú°í, ±× ´öºÐ¿¡ ÀÏ¹Ý ´ëÁß¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ» Çà»çÇß½À´Ï´Ù. They were in close relationship with Herod and thereby exercised political power over people in general. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×µéÀº Á¾Á¾ "Çì·Ô´ç"À¸·Î ºÒ¸®¿ì±âµµ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. For this reason they were often called "Herodians." ±×·¯¹Ç·Î "Çì·ÔÀÇ ´©·èÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó"´Â ¸»¾¸Àº "»çµÎ°³ÀεéÀÇ ´©·èÀ» ÁÖÀÇÇ϶ó"´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Hence Jesus' saying, "Beware of the yeast of Herod," means, "Watch out the yeast of Sadducees." »çµÎ°³ÀεéÀº Á×À½ ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ¼¼°è¸¦ ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. Sadducees would not believe the world after death. ±×µéÀº Áö±Ý ´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â ¼¼°è°¡ ÀüºÎ¶ó°í °¡Á¤ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. They presupposed that the present visible world is everything. ±×·¡¼ ±×µéÀº ¼¼¼ÓÀû ¹ø¿µ°ú ½Å¾ÓÀ» µ¿ÀϽÃÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. So they identified secular prosperity with faith. ¿À´Ã³¯µµ ¸¹Àº ±×¸®½ºµµÀεéÀÌ µ· ¸¹°í, ¸¹ÀÌ ¹è¿ì°í, »çȸÀû ½ÅºÐÀÌ ³ôÀº ÀÚ°¡ º¹¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷À̶ó°í °¡Á¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Even today many a Christian presumes that blessed are those who possess a lot of money, who are highly educated, and who have high social standing. ±×·¯³ª ÂüµÈ ÃູÀº ¿ÜÀû ȯ°æ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ºÎ¿äÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³»¸éÀÇ ¼¼°è°¡ dzºÎÇØÁö´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. But genuine blessing is richness not in outer circumstances but in inner self. ³»¸éÀÇ ¼¼°è´Â ¿ÜÀûÀÎ Á¶°Ç¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ´Þ¶óÁöÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Interior world can never be changed by exterior conditions. ³»¸éÀÇ ¼¼°è´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¸»¾¸À¸·Î º¯¸ðÇÏ¸ç °ÈµÇ¾î °©´Ï´Ù. It is transformed and intensified by God's word. ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀÌ ¸»¾¸ÇÏ°í °è½Ç ¶§, ÇÑ ¿©ÀÎÀÌ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³ô¿© ±×¿¡°Ô ¸»Çϱ⸦, "´ç½ÅÀ» ¹ê ÅÂ¿Í ´ç½ÅÀ» ¸ÔÀÎ Á¥°¡½¿Àº ÂüÀ¸·Î º¹ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù" (´ª 11:27) ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. One day while Jesus was preaching, "a woman in the crowd raised her voice and said to him, 'Blessed is the womb that bore you and the breasts that nursed you!'" (Lk 11:27). ÀÌ ¸»¾¸Àº, '´ç½Å °°Àº ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¾ÆµéÀ» °¡Áø ´ç½ÅÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï´Â ÂüÀ¸·Î º¹µÈ »ç¶÷ÀÔ´Ï´Ù'¶ó´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. This means, "Blessed is your mother who has such a boastful son as you." ±×·¯³ª ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº, "¿ÀÈ÷·Á, Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¸»¾¸À» µè°í ÁöŰ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ º¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù" (´ª 11:28)°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. But Jesus said, "Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and obey it!" (Lk 11:28). ÂüµÈ º¹Àº ¹«¾ùÀ» °¡Áö´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÂüµÇ°Ô »ç´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Genuine blessedness lies not in having something but in living truly. ÂüµÈ »îÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ °¡Áø °Í¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸µÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. True life is never dependent upon what we have. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ºÎ¿Í ¿µÇâ·Â°ú ¸í¼ºÀº º¯ÈÇϸç, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Áö»ó¿¡¼ÀÇ »î°ú ÇÔ²² »ç¶óÁ® °¡´Â °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. It is because our wealth, influence, and prestige are changing and perishing with our earthly life. ¶ÇÇÑ »çµÎ°³ÀεéÀº ³²¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö¹è·ÂÀ» È®´ëÇØ ³ª°¡·Á ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. In addition, the Sadducees were trying to extend their ruling power over against others. ±×·¯³ª ÂüµÈ »îÀº ³²À» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³²À» ¼¶±â´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. True life, however, lies not in ruling over others but in serving. ¾ðÁ¨°¡ Á¦ÀÚµéÀÌ ¿¹¼ö´Ô²² ´Ù°¡¿Í¼, "ÇÏ´Ã ³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ´©°¡ °¡Àå Å« »ç¶÷ÀԴϱî?"ÇÏ°í ¹°¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (¸¶Å 18:1). One day "the disciples came to Jesus and asked, 'Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?" (Mtt 18:1). ±×·¯ÀÚ ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº ±×µé¿¡°Ô, "´©±¸µçÁö À§´ëÇÏ°Ô µÇ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ Á¾ÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷À» ¼¶°Ü¾ß ÇÑ´Ù"°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù (¸· 9:35). Jesus replied, "Whoever wants to be the greatest must be a servant of all and serve all" (Mk 9:35). ÂüÀ¸·Î À§´ëÇÑ ÀÚ´Â ³²À» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³²À» ¼¶±â´Â »ç¶÷ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. The truly greatest is not the one who rules over others but the one who serves them. ±×·¯³ª »çµÎ°³ÀεéÀº ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ °¡Áö´Â °ÍÀÌ º¹ÀÌ¸ç ³²À» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °ð ¹Ì´öÀ̶ó°í °¡¸£ÃƽÀ´Ï´Ù. The Sadducees taught that having much more is blessedness and that ruling over others is a virtue. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§Àº ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀÌ ÀüÇϽŠÇϳª´Ô ³ª¶ó¿Í Á¤¹Ý´ë µÇ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Such teaching is opposite to Jesus' teaching about the kingdom of God. ±×·¡¼ ¿¹¼ö´ÔÀº '»çµÎ°³ÀεéÀÇ ´©·èÀ» Á¶½ÉÇ϶ó'°í °æ°íÇϽаÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. For this reason Jesus warned, "Watch out the yeast of the Sadducees." 4. °øÅëÁ¡ The common denominator ----------------------------------------- ±×·¯¸é ¹Ù¸®»õÀεé°ú »çµÎ°³ÀεéÀÇ °øÅëÁ¡Àº ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî? What is, then, the common denominator between the Pharisees and the Sadducees? ±×µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¼þ¹èÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. It is the fact that both of them worship themselves. ±×µéÀÇ ½Å¾ÓÀº Çϳª´ÔÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇØ¼ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ¸·Î ³¡À» ¸Î°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. They begin from God and end with human selfhood. ¹Ù¸®»õÀεéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀ» öÀúÈ÷ ¼¶±ä´Ù°í ÇÏ¸é¼ ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¾±³Àû °æ°ÇÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. While the Pharisees propagated they were serving God, they virtually sought their own religious piety. »çµÎ°³ÀεéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀ» Çö¸íÇÏ°Ô ¹Ï´Â´Ù°í ÇÏ¸é¼ ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼¼¼ÓÀû ¿å¸ÁÀ» ½ÇÇöÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. While the Sadducees propagated they were believing God wisely, they in fact realized their secular desires. ±×µéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¼¶±ä °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¼þ¹èÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. They worshipped themselves rather than God. À̰ÍÀº ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ¿ì»ó¼þ¹èÀÔ´Ï´Ù. This is not faith but idolatry. 5. ±×·¯¸é ¿ì¸®´Â? Then, are we? ------------------------------------ ±×·¯¸é ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ·± ¿ì»ó¼þ¹è·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸éÁ¦µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï±î? Then, are we exempted from such idolatry? ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. No, we are not. ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ »îÀº ¹Ù¸®»õÀÎÀ̳ª »çµÎ°³ÀÎÀÇ »î°ú Å©°Ô ´Ù¸¦ °ÍÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Our religious life is not quite different from the Pharisees' and the Sadducees'. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¿ì¸®´Â Çϳª´ÔÀ» ÂüµÇ°Ô ¼¶±â±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶óÁö¸¸, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Àΰ£ º»¼ºÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¹Ù·¥À» ¾ðÁ¦³ª ¹è½ÅÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. It is because that, even though we wish to serve God truly, our human nature always betrays such wish. ±×·¡¼ Á¾±³Àû ±³¸¸°ú ¼¼¼ÓÀû ¿å¸ÁÀ» ¹°¸®Ä¡´Â °ÍÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÀÇÁö¸¸À¸·Î µÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. For this reason, it can never be fulfilled by our own will alone to defeat religious arrogance and secular desires. »çµµ ¹Ù¿ïÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô °í¹éÇÕ´Ï´Ù: "³ª´Â ³»°¡ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀ» µµ¹«Áö ¾Ë ¼ö°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ³»°¡ ÇØ¾ß°Ú´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, µµ¸®¾î ÇØ¼´Â ¾È µÇ°Ú´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀ» Çϰí ÀÖÀ¸´Ï ¸»ÀÔ´Ï´Ù...³ª´Â ³»°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ¼±ÇÑ ÀÏÀº ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, µµ¸®¾î ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³»°¡ ÇØ¼´Â ¾È µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» Çϸé, ±×°ÍÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ³»°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ³» ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Àâ°í ÀÖ´Â ÁËÀÔ´Ï´Ù...¾Æ, ³ª´Â ºñÂüÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´©°¡ ÀÌ Á×À½ÀÇ ¸ö¿¡¼ ³ª¸¦ °ÇÁ® ÁÖ°Ú½À´Ï±î? ¿ì¸® ÁÖ ¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµ¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ³ª¸¦ °ÇÁ® ÁֽŠÇϳª´Ô²² °¨»ç¸¦ µå¸³´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ³»°¡ ¸¶À½À¸·Î´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¹ý¿¡ º¹Á¾Çϰí, À°½ÅÀ¸·Î´Â ÁËÀÇ ¹ý¿¡ º¹Á¾Çϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù" (·Î¸¶¼ 7:15-25). Paul the apostle confesses: "I do not understand my own actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate...I can will what is right, but I cannot do it. For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I do. Now if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I that do it, but sin that dwells within me...Wretched man that I am! Who will rescue me from this body of death? Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, with my mind I am a slave to the law of God, but with my flesh I am a slave to the law of sin" (Rome 7:15-25). ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¾ÇÇÑ º»¼ºÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼±ÇÑ ÀÇÁö·ÎºÎÅÍ Ç×»ó ´Þ¾Æ³³´Ï´Ù. Our evil nature is always running away from our good will. ±×·¡¼ Á¾±³´Â ÀÇÁöÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. Hence, religion is not a matter of will. Á¾±³´Â Çå½ÅÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Religion is a matter of dependence. ½¶¶óÀÌ¿¡¸£¸¶Çã (Schleiermacher)´Â ½Å¾ÓÀ» Çϳª´Ô¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àý´ëÀÇÁ¸ÀÇ °¨Á¤À¸·Î Á¤ÀÇÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Schleiermacher defined faith as the feeling of absolute dependency upon God. "Àý´ëÀÇÁ¸ÀÇ °¨Á¤"À̶õ 'Çϳª´Ô¿¡°Ô ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Çå½ÅÇϴ ŵµ'¸¦ °¡¸®Åµ´Ï´Ù. The feeling of absolute dependency upon God refers to the attitude to devote oneself to God with totality. Á¾±³´Â Áö½ÄÀ̳ª ÀÇÁöÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Çå½ÅÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Religion is not a matter of knowledge nor of will but of devotion. Çϳª´Ô²² ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Çå½ÅÇÒ ¶§¿¡, ¿ì¸®´Â Àڱ⠼þ¹è·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹þ¾î³ª¼ Çϳª´ÔÀ» ÂüµÇ°Ô ¿¹¹èÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. If we totally devote ourselves to God, we will be able to escape from self-adoration and to worship God truly. 6. ±×·¯¸é ´©°¡? Then, who can? ------------------------------------ ±×·¯¸é Çϳª´Ô²² ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Çå½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ´©±¸ÀԴϱî? Who can, on earth, devote oneself to God with totality? ¿ì¸® °¡¿îµ¥´Â ¾Æ¹«µµ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. There is nobody among us. ±×·¡¼ ¿ì¸®´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ µµ¿ì½ÉÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. We need God's help. »çµµ ¹Ù¿ïÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô Áõ°ÅÇÕ´Ï´Ù: "´ç½ÅÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ» ¾Æ³¢Áö ¾ÊÀ¸½Ã°í, ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ³»ÁֽŠºÐÀÌ, ¾îÂî ±× ¾Æµé°ú ÇÔ²² ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¼±¹°·Î °ÅÀú ÁÖÁö ¾ÊÀ¸½Ã°Ú½À´Ï±î?" (·Î¸¶¼ 8:32) Paul the apostle testifies, "He who did not withhold his own Son, but gave him up for all of us, will he not with him also give us everything else?" (Rome 8:32) ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ±³¸¸°ú À̱â½ÉÀ» °í¹éÇϰí, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¹«´ÉÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§¿¡, Çϳª´ÔÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ ³» ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾ÇÇÑ º»¼º°ú ½Î¿ö¼ À̱æ Èû°ú Çϳª´ÔÀ» ÂüµÇ°Ô ¿¹¹èÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹ÏÀ½À» ÁֽʴϴÙ. When we confess our arrogance and selfishness, recognize our disability, God gives us the strength to defeat the evil nature in you and the faith to worship God truly. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé Çϳª´ÔÀº ³ª¸¦ »ì¸®±â À§Çؼ Àڱ⠾ƵéÀ» ¾Æ³¢Áö ¾Æ´ÏÇϽŠ»ç¶ûÀÇ Çϳª´ÔÀ̽ñ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. It is because God is the God of love who did not withhold his own Son in order to deliver you. Çϳª´ÔÀÌ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀ̽ʴϴÙ. God is our father. ±×¿¡°Ô ºÎÁ·°ú Çʿ並 ¸»ÇϽʽÿÀ. Talk to him all your deficiencies and needs. ±×°¡ ¿©·¯ºÐÀ» ÂüµÇ°í ¼±ÇÑ ±æ·Î ÀεµÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. And he will guide you unto the true and good way. |